Exp. 1
AIM: Analyse systematically the given mixture of
inorganic compounds for two anions and two cations (by dry and wet test).
Test for Acidic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + dil. H2SO4
+ Heat |
Colourless vinegar
like smell gas |
Week acidic group
present CH3COO- may be |
2 |
Confirmatory test Sodium corbonate extract +neutral FeCl3 Solution |
Reddish coloured
solution is obtained |
CH3COO- is confirmed |
|
Mixture + Oxalic
acid + 2-3 drop water and rub |
Vinegar smell |
CH3COO- is confirmed |
Test for Basic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + NaOH
solution + Heat |
Colourless gas
smelling ammonia |
Zero group present
NH4+ may be present |
2 |
Confirmatory Test Bring a galss rod dipped in conc. HCl on the mouth of test tube |
White dense fumes |
NH4+
Confirmed |
|
Bring a filter paper
dipped in Nesseler s reagnet
on the mouth of test tube |
Filter paper turned
reddish brown |
NH4+
Confirmed |
Result
: The above given salt contains anions CH3COO- and
cations NH4+
are present.
Exp. 2
AIM: Analyse systematically the given mixture of
inorganic compounds for two anions and two cations (by dry and wet test).
Test for Acidic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + dil. H2SO4
+ Heat |
Colourless vinegar
like smell gas |
Week acidic group
present CH3COO- may be |
2 |
Confirmatory test Sodium corbonate extract +neutral FeCl3 Solution |
Reddish coloured
solution is obtained |
CH3COO- is
confirmed |
|
Mixture + Oxalic
acid + 2-3 drop water and rub |
Vinegar smell |
CH3COO- is
confirmed |
Test for Basic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + NaOH
solution + Heat |
no smell of ammonia |
Zero group absent |
2 |
Original solution +
dil HCl |
White
ppt obtained |
1st
group present Pb2+, Hg2+, Ag+
may be |
3 |
Boil
the above solution in water |
White
ppt soluble |
Pb2+may be Hg2+,
Ag+ absent |
4 |
Confirmatory Test : Dissolve
the ppt in hot water and divided in two part |
|
|
5 |
1st
part +KI |
Yellow
ppt. is obtained |
Pb2+ confirmed |
6 |
2nd
part + K2CrO4
|
Orenge
Yellow ppt. is obtained |
Pb2+ confirmed |
7 |
Dry Test- Dippted the platinum wire
in dil. HCl and ignite it with ppt. |
Light
blue- white flame is obtained |
Pb2+ confirmed |
Result : The above given salt
contains anions CH3COO- and
cations Pb+2 are present.
Exp. 3
AIM: Analyse systematically the given salt of
inorganic compounds for anion and cation (by dry and wet test).
Test for Acidic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + dil. H2SO4
+ Heat |
No reaction |
Week acidic group
absent |
2 |
Mixture + conc. H2SO4
+ Heat |
No reaction |
Strong acidic group
absent |
3 |
Sodium coabonate extract + dil. HCl + BaCl2 solution |
White ppt. is
formed |
SO42-
May be present |
|
Confirmatory test : Dessolved tha above ppt in conc. HCl / conc. HNO3 |
Ppt is insoluble |
SO42-
confirmed |
Test for Basic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + NaOH
solution + Heat |
No ammonia smell |
Zero group Absent |
2 |
Original solution
of Mixture + dil HCl |
No ppt. is formed |
1st
group absent |
3 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt. is formed |
2nd
group absent |
4 |
Boil the above
solution off H2S gas |
|
|
|
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate solution |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2S gas excaped |
5 |
The above solution+
conc. HNO3+ boil + cool + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH
in excess |
Red brown ppt. is formed |
3rd
group present Fe3+ may
be present |
6 |
Confirmatory test : Dissolve the above
ppt. in dil. HCl and divide it into two parts 1st part
+ K4[Fe(CN)6] 2nd part
+ KCNS |
Prussian blue
colour solution obtained Dark red colour
solution obtained |
Fe3+
confirmed Fe3+
confirmed |
7 |
Dry test (Borax
bead test) Past the borax
powder on Pt wire and ignite it then touch the bead to ppt and again ignite
it |
Yellow-green bead
obtained |
Fe3+
confirmed |
Result : The above given salt
contains anions SO42- and cations Fe3+
are present.
Exp. 4
AIM: Analyse systematically the given salt of
inorganic compounds for anion and cation (by dry and wet test).
Test for Acidic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + dil. H2SO4
+ Heat |
No reaction |
Week acidic group
absent |
2 |
Mixture + conc. H2SO4
+ Heat |
Colourless gas with
pungent smell |
Strong acidic group
present Cl- may be |
3 |
Confirmatory Test Silvernitrate test |
White ppt. is
formed which is soluble in excess of NH4OH |
Cl- is
confirmed |
|
Chromyl chloride
test Mixture + solid K2Cr2O7
+ conc. H2SO4 + Heat |
Dark reddish brown gas is evolved |
|
|
Pass the evolved in
NaOH solution |
Solution of NaOH is
change to yellow colour |
|
|
The above solution
+ CH3COOH + (CH3COO)2Pb |
Yellow ppt is
formed |
Cl- is
confirmed |
Test for Basic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + NaOH
solution + Heat |
No ammonia smell |
Zero group absent |
2 |
Original solution
of Mixture + dil HCl |
No ppt. is formed |
1st
group absent |
3 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt. is formed |
2nd
group absent |
4 |
Boil the above
solution off H2S gas |
|
|
|
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate solution |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2S gas excaped |
5 |
The above solution+
conc. HNO3+ boil + cool + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH
in excess |
No ppt. is formed |
3rd
group absent |
6 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt. is formed |
4th
group absent |
7 |
Boil the above
solution off H2S gas |
|
|
|
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate solution |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2S gas excaped |
8 |
Above solution +NH4OH
+ (NH4)2CO3 solution |
White ppt. is
formed |
5th
group present Ba2+, Sr2+,
Ca2+ may be |
9 |
The white ppt. dessolve in acetic acid solution and divide into three
parts |
|
|
|
Ist part + K2CrO4 |
yellow ppt is
obtained |
Ba2+ is
present |
10 |
Dry Test Dippted the platinum wire
in dil. HCl and ignite it with ppt. |
Green apple like
flame is obtained |
Ba2+ is
present |
Result : The above given salt
contains anion Cl- and cation Ba2+
are present.
Exp.
AIM: Analyse systematically the given salt of
inorganic compound for anion and cation (by dry and wet test).
Test for Acidic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + dil. H2SO4
+ Heat |
No reaction |
Week acidic group absent |
2 |
Mixture + conc. H2SO4
+ Heat |
Reddish brown gas
with pungent smell |
Strong acidic group
present NO3- may be |
4 |
Confirmatory Test Ring test Sodium corbonate extract +freshly prepared solution of FeSO4
+ conc. H2SO4 along the sides of the test tube |
A dark brown ring
is formed at the junction of the layers of the two solution |
NO3- is
confirmed |
Test for Basic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + NaOH
solution + Heat |
No ammonia smell |
Zero group absent |
2 |
Original solution
of Mixture + dil HCl |
No ppt. is formed |
1st
group absent |
3 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt. is formed |
2nd
group absent |
4 |
Boil the above
solution off H2S gas |
|
|
|
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate solution |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2S gas excaped |
5 |
The above solution+
conc. HNO3+ boil + cool + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH
in excess |
No ppt. is formed |
3rd
group absent |
6 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt. is formed |
4th
group absent |
7 |
Boil the above
solution off H2S gas |
|
|
|
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate solution |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2S gas excaped |
8 |
Above solution +NH4OH
+ (NH4)2CO3 solution |
White ppt. is
formed |
5th
group present Ba2+, Sr2+,
Ca2+ may be |
7 |
The white ppt. dessolve in acetic acid solution and divide into three
parts |
|
|
|
Ist part + K2CrO4 |
No yellow ppt is
obtained |
Ba2+ is
absent |
|
Iind part + (NH4)2SO4 |
White ppt. is
formed |
Sr2+ is
present |
9 |
Dry Test Dippted the platinum wire
in dil. HCl and ignite it with ppt. |
Crimson red flame
is obtained |
Sr2+ is
present |
Result : The above given salt
contains anion NO3- and cation Sr2+
are present.
Exp.
AIM: Analyse systematically the given salt of
inorganic compound for anion and cation (by dry and wet test).
Test for Acidic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + dil. H2SO4
+ |
Colourless,
odourless gas with brisk effervescence |
Week acidic group
present CO32- may be |
2 |
Confirmatory test Pass the above gas
in lime water |
Lime water turns
milky |
CO32-
is confirmed |
|
Pass the above gas
in lime water for longer time |
Lime water again
turn to colourless solution |
CO32-
is confirmed |
Test for Basic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + NaOH
solution + Heat |
no smell of ammonia |
Zero group absent |
2 |
Original solution +
dil HCl |
No ppt is formed |
1st
group absent |
3 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt is formed |
2nd
group absent |
4 |
Boil the above
solution for off the H2S gas |
|
|
5 |
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate on the mouth of test tube |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2s gas is escaped. |
6 |
The above solution+
conc. HNO3+ boil + cool + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH
in excess |
No ppt. is formed |
3rd
group absent |
7 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt. is formed |
4th
group absent |
8 |
Filterate of 4th
group Boil the above solution off H2S gas |
|
|
|
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate solution |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2S gas excaped |
9 |
Above solution +NH4OH
+ (NH4)2CO3 solution |
White ppt. is
formed |
5th
group present Ba2+, Sr2+,
Ca2+ may be |
10 |
The white ppt. dessolve in acetic acid solution and divide into three
parts |
|
|
|
1st part + K2CrO4 |
No yellow ppt is
obtained |
Ba2+ is
absent |
|
2nd part + (NH4)2SO4 |
No white ppt is
obtained |
Sr2+ is
present |
|
3rd part + (NH4)2C2O4 |
White ppt is
obtained |
Ca2+ is
present |
11 |
Dry Test Dippted the platinum wire
in dil. HCl and ignite it with ppt. |
Brick like flame is
obtained |
Ca2+ is
present |
Result : The above given
mixture contains anion CO32-
and
cation Ca2+ are present.
Exp.
AIM: Analyse systematically the given salt of
inorganic compound for anion and cation (by dry and wet test).
Test for Acidic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + dil. H2SO4
+ |
Colourless,
odourless gas with brisk effervescence |
Week acidic group
present CO32- may be |
2 |
Confirmatory test Pass the above gas
in lime water |
Lime water turns
milky |
CO32-
is confirmed |
|
Pass the above gas
in lime water for longer time |
Lime water again
turn to colourless solution |
CO32-
is confirmed |
Test for Basic Radicals
S.No. |
Treatment |
Observation |
Inference |
1 |
Mixture + NaOH
solution + Heat |
no smell of ammonia |
Zero group absent |
2 |
Original solution +
dil HCl |
No ppt is formed |
1st
group absent |
3 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt is formed |
2nd
group absent |
4 |
Boil the above
solution for off the H2S gas |
|
|
5 |
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate on the mouth of test tube |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2s gas is escaped. |
6 |
The above solution+
conc. HNO3+ boil + cool + solid NH4Cl + NH4OH
in excess |
No ppt. is formed |
3rd
group absent |
7 |
Pass H2S
gas in above solution |
No ppt. is formed |
4th
group absent |
8 |
Filterate of 4th
group Boil the above solution off H2S gas |
|
|
|
Bring a filter
paper dipped in lead acetate solution |
Filter paper not
turn black |
H2S gas excaped |
9 |
Above solution +NH4OH
+ (NH4)2CO3 solution |
No white ppt. is
formed |
5th
group absent |
10 |
Above solution + Na2HPO4
|
White ppt. is
obtained |
6th
group present Mg2+ is present |
11 |
Confirmatory Test : Dissolved the above
ppt. in dil. HCl + NaOH solution + Titan yellow solution |
Reddish pink ppt is
obtained |
Mg2+ is
present |
12 |
Dry Test : Cobalt Nitrate Test Take the ppt on
filter papter + cobalt nitrate solution and ignite
it |
Pink ash is obained |
Mg2+ is
present |
Result : The above given
mixture contains anion CO32-
and
cation Mg2+
are present.